[江苏省]江苏省职称英语笔记中考，江苏省职称英语考试

英语读书笔记

品味完一本名著后，你有什么领悟呢江苏省职称英语笔记中考？需要写一篇读书笔记好好地作记录江苏省职称英语笔记中考了。到底应如何写读书笔记呢？以下是我帮大家整理江苏省职称英语笔记中考的英语读书笔记，欢迎大家分享。

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英语读书笔记1

1． 符号笔记

就是用不同形状或不同颜色的线条、图形在书刊上作出标记。有时还可以配合符号写上简要的几个字使符号的意义更具体明确。

这种笔记一般在初次阅读时使用目的是引起注意。因为在阅读过程感到有些问题须作进一步思考或者要设法记住它便随手标示出来准备回过头来再仔细研究。

必须强调的是书刊要是属于自己的才能在上面打上各种标记。如果书刊是图书馆或朋友的藏书切忌使用这种形式。常见有人在借来的书上面乱写乱画这种举动的用意可能借此炫耀学识但在别人看来这些圈圈点点刻画出一个丑陋的灵魂令人恶心。一个自尊自重的人是不该去做这种蠢事的。

符号笔记的各种符号各代表什么意思由自己掌握。但要注意：各符号使用前要加以设计线条和图形的含义要固定阅读自始至终都要前后一致不能一天一变否则反而把自己弄糊涂了。使用的符号不可过多这样才能保证一打开圈点过的书就能看明白。还要注意圈点和勾划的地方也不宜过多通篇都加了五花八门的记号反而起不到突出重点的作用。

2． 批注笔记

批注笔记就是在书眉上写上校文、订误、提示、心得、评语等眉批或在原文后面加尾批在行与行之间加行批在正文两边加旁批在佳妙处加旁点在最精警处加旁圈。这类笔记的好处是随读随写不受约束往往迸发出思想的火花。写得好的批注笔记小而精见解独到一语破的能启发顿悟即所谓“思理入妙要言不繁。”这样的批注是哲学思辩性与文学精炼性的统一不但于笔记者本人有回味的价值其他读者亦以一睹为快。

批注时应该做到既言之有物又简明扼要。批语要有分析不管是褒是贬都应该说出点根据来。但批语也不应过长啰哩啰唆地说不到点子上也不好。

和符号笔记一样这种形式也是当书刊是属于自己时才适用。

3． 摘抄式笔记

就是把原文重要的语句、数据、公式、定理、精彩段落、精辟的论述、佳句、警句或重要的史实、资料等摘录下来甚至全抄原文以便日后查检。关于词句、个别论点、个别事物的摘录则宜用卡片或活页纸的形式以便于分类保存查检；长篇文章的详细抄写宜用笔记本的形式可多备几个笔记本按需要分门类分别抄写。更为省事的就是将这些文字（或图画）剪下来帖在笔记本或不用的杂志上。如果书刊不是自己的则可以先复印后剪贴。采用摘抄式笔记须注意：

（1） 摘抄那些精彩、有价值、有必要的内容。

（2） 录后要经过核对注意与原文相符甚至标点符号也要与原文一样否则就有可能把作者的原意弄错。

（3） 摘抄前后或中间有所省略要用省略号表示。如果遇上原文已有的省略号要加括号注明“（省略号为原文已有）”以便于区别。

（4） 一定要在抄录（或剪贴）后注明资料的来源如书名或刊名、编著者、出版社、出版年月等需要时可查考原文。

（5） 使用卡片摘抄资料时一张卡片只能记一条材料否则不便于分类也不便于检索。

（6） 如果能在抄录后随时写一点体会、感想可以加深自己对原文的理解。

英语读书笔记2

On summer vacation of this year, I studied in novel " old man and sea " ofHemingway , famouswriter of U.S.A. ,. I admire the old fishermans will in thenovel very much, he lets me understand that a person must have unremittingspirit, could succeed . What the novel is described is an old fisherman almostthe sixty years old, when go to sea and fish alone once, have angled to a bigfish, but can not draw. After tough fisherman and fish have socialized for a fewdays, just find this is a big Malins fish which exceeds several times of onesown fishing boat, though know perfectly well that it is very difficult to win ,does not give up yet.

Because big Malin fish fishlike *** ell of wound attract odd herds of sharkvie for the foodagain later, but the old man is still unwilling to give up likethis, stress the tight encirclement finally , take the large fish back tofishing port , let other fishmen admire it endlessly. The old fisherman thinksthat as I read ": It is really too close from here to coast, perhaps there arebigger fish in the farther place ……" When,admire very much because this oldfisherman in the persons, because play not for some fishing he already at thi *** oment I, but he is not satisfied with the existing state of affairs , butadvance towards greater goal.

Seeing us again, meet some little difficulties at ordinary times , all ofus complain bitterly. We are the future of the motherland, should be asambitious as this old man, go to pursue well , greater goal. Read as me " bigMalin fish is it enclose light fishing boat move about , is it get mast to twinecable fast to begin, old man right hand hold steel fork high , jump out in aflash , affording to try ones best above water in it, a sound of wail hasfinished the life of the loud fish, it floats on the surface of water silently……"When,the I one heart is too fall like pieces of stone not big. I admire thatkind of fearing of the old man at all , unremitting spirit very much, thoughknow rivals strength is very strong , but he has not shrunk back at all , meetsthe difficulty. Just because there is this kind of spirit, the old fisherman hasobtained the victory of the trial of strength of this life and death. We shouldstudy the old fishermans spirit too in life, do the thing and is not afraid ofthe difficulty , could achieve success . Read big blood offensive *** ell of fish *** ell one shark , fall over each other to visit to vie for the food, left handof old man pull a muscle just, he can only use right hand, can weapon attackedto used for defend oneself with stick , mouth of swordfish that catcheverything, and has driven away this herd of shark finally. But big meat of fishtake into big half already, but old man criticize ones own left hand " when thework this when have a rest " humorously also, I am subdued by old mansoptimistic spirit too.

In life, some losses are unavoidable, we should treat the optimisticattitude , cant worry about petty gain or loss . Finally, the novel sees with ateenager that old fisherman has 18 feet of big long Malins fish totally in thetolerance , the ones that have described this fish are enormous again, provethat old fishermans difficulty overcome is big, than ordinary. Old fishermansspirit that makes great efforts to struggle fearless of danger and difficultythat the novel has been extolled, we should be like him too, can t be satisfiedwith the current situation , should be positive upwards, it should beunremitting to do anything, it must not give up halfway to meeting difficultyshould meet the difficulty. Only in this way, we could obtain greater successand victory .

英语读书笔记3

《现代中学英语教师素养》这是一本集中学英语教师综合教学技能指导的教材，课堂用语篇针对英语教师语言基本功要求，编写了英语课堂常用语，如：课前准备，课中提问，教师指令、演示、评价语言等，指导教师准确并流利地运用英语组织教学。在附录部分还为教师提供了几百条与教学有关的校园用语。

通过阅读，我深深感受到作为一名中学英语教师，仅具备专业方面的知识是远远不够的。中学英语教育的重点是给孩子们提供一个学习英语的机会，打下较好的英语基础，这包括了学习兴趣的培养和正确的学习 *** 的掌握。

以教学原则和 *** 来提高课堂教学的组织能力和实践能力。兴趣是更好的老师，它对英语学习起着积极的推动作用。有了兴趣就有了一个自主学习英语的动机，中学生学习英语的动机一旦被激发，就会用积极主动的态度对英语进行学习和探索，兴趣也就越浓.在遇到困难的情况下，会更有意志力。教师不仅要有综合的教学技能，还要有语言的示范能力。

教学技能是评价教师的核心技能，它是指教师如何教的技能，具体地说就是指教师对教学设计，课堂活动实践，课堂教学组织和在课内外充分展示英语在交流中的工具性的能力。目前中学英语教材的内容与学生的学习和生活有密切联系，主要是以趣味性最强的“情景会话”为主。

教学生唱他们喜欢的英语歌曲，会画形象的简笔画，会 *** 美丽多样的幻灯片，会以丰富的表情，协调的动作表达意义或有感情，会组织丰富多彩的活动，能熟练运用多媒体辅助教学才能把学生的学习兴趣激发出来。在英语教学中，听、说、读、写既是英语教学的目的，又是英语教学手段。要对学生进行这几方面的基本训练，教师要有过硬的基本功：

(1)教师的语音语调要标准，纯正，流利;

(2)有一定的口语能力，能用简练、准确的语言组织课堂教学;

(3)书设计合理，字迹工整规范。一个中学英语教师应在教学工作中充满生机和活力，富有创新意识和超前意识，对待教学实践中所遇到问题应经常反思，并保持探索的习惯。创新在本质上是一种超越，要越过传统和现实以及自我的障碍。教师如果富有创新意识和创新能力，能使学生的创造能力在潜移默化中不断提高。 中学英语教师在教学过程中会遇到很多意想不到的问题，这就要求中学英语教师进行反思。上完一节课后，静静地坐在办公桌前，从容地整理自己的教学思路，反思自己的教学行为，总结自己的教学得失。使自己的教学更上一个台阶!

英语读书笔记4

1学外语无捷径。

尽管不能否认，好的教材，辅助设备，老师，环境，以及个人的恒心乃至天分，都对学好外语有一定作用。然而绝不存在一种超越一切普通 *** 的神招妙术。国内近二十年来流行过无数的国外英语教材和五花八门的学习 *** ，然而无不是昙花一现。常识和专家早就告诉我们：学外语和学其他一种技能一样，只能靠日积月累，无论什么 *** 都一样。

2"成功"与否取决于具体目地。

十个学外语的人大概就有十种不同的目地。例如考级，职称，学分，工作需要，留学，进入外企，上网浏览，乃至于看懂产品说明书等等。目的不同，所要投入的`时间和精力也大不相同。例如对于一个受过中等以上教育，除了"ABC"之外基本没有英语基础的人，看懂简短的英语的产品说明书也只需半小时。要通过英语六级则需三至五年时间(依上述条件的不同而异)。若要达到和自己的母语一样的水平，唯一的办法就是终生学习，天天使用。

3学习的 *** 和侧重点也取决于学习的目标。

我感到国内目前流行的英语教学方式太强调听，说，读，写面面俱到的训练。其实绝大多数英语学习者是没有或很少有机会"说"和"写"的。因此这种训练往往是事倍功半。因为学得再好不用很快就忘记了。对于绝大多数人来说，"读"是唯一有实际效用，也是唯一能够尽快掌握的技能。

4只要有明确的目标和兴趣，假以时日，任何人都可以学好一门甚至多门外语。

总而言之，从我个人的经历看，学好英语主要是兴趣和目标。这和做任何事没什么两样。很多人一开始兴趣浓厚，可渐渐就兴味索然了。这主要是缺乏明确的目标和动力。我开始学英语的目标是读懂简写本的英文小说，后来变成读懂英文原著。后来又希望能听懂英语广播，再后来又想能和外国人自由交谈。这期间当然还有许多小的阶段性目标。在每一个目标达到之后，你都会有一种成功的乐趣。如果漫无目的，或者好高鹜远，就会很 *** 到没趣或挫折。这是大多数人不能坚持下去的根本原因。至于什么教材，什么 *** ，都是些很次要的因素。其实这主要是因为其间断断续续，未能很好地坚持下去所至。因此，只有抱着浓厚的兴趣和目确的目标，任何语言都是可以学好的。

英语读书笔记5

商务英语口语实训已经结束了，通过为期两周的学习，我受益匪浅，口语能力得到了一定的提高，同时还学到了许多英语知识。 本实训旨在使学生更加重视英语口语训练并掌握口语表达的有效技巧，使学生进一步强化英语口语能力以适应职业的需要，从而培养较强的商务英语口语实际交际能力。通过本实训，介绍几种有效提高听力和口语的学习 *** ，力图克服学生开口难的畏惧心理，最终为学生提高商务英语的应用能力、增强商务环境下的英语口头沟通能力提供具有建设性的语言学习启示，从而建立起具有持续性的语言学习能力。

本次商务英语口语实训主要学习了国际音标和情景剧练习。通过这两大部分的训练，培养了我们用英语朗读各种题材书面材料的能力，培养我们在没有文字凭借的情况下用英语表达自己的观点的能力，清楚而逻辑的论证自己的观点的能力，培养在特定的商务情境下不借助文字辅助资料进行连贯而得体的交谈的能力。 实训要求我们认真参与、刻苦训练，在准备阶段能运用各种工具解决所遇到的问题，必要时能进行成功地团结合作，在检查中能自如发挥，独立完成所要求的任务。

学习的之一大部分是国际音标。标准英语 *** 有48个音标，其中20个为元音音标，28个辅音音标。发音时声带振动且气流在通路上不受发音器官阻挡的是元音。发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官阻挡的是辅音。老师首先讲解了基础音标的读法，通过重新学习语音音标，让我对音标有了新的认识，发现了我以前在读音标时存在许多错误。对于口语中常出现的惯例性的特定读法，老师也给与我们及时的改正。让我们的英语口语更流畅，更标准。 在学习了基本音标的基础上，有根据这些音标列举出常见的单词、短语、例句，让我们能更好的消化这一读音，让我们的发音更标准。 通过音标的学习让我认识到准确的学习音标为我的英语口语发音打下了良好的基础，成为我学习英语的优势。通过英语音标记单词是快速记背单词的最有效的一种 *** 。如果熟练掌握了英语音标发音的规律，就能很好的背下单词。通过基础语音训练让我确信它确实带给我很大的改变，可以培养我的语感。而英语学习的更高境界就是语感的形成。这不仅让我们的口语变得更流畅、标准，也会在我们的英语笔试考试中起到极其重要的作用。

学习的第二大部分是商务英语情景剧练习。之一章《interview》包括的内容主要是能够流利、准确的说出选择一份工作原因，在面试时最重要的是什么，

在面试时应做的准备工作，包括：面试前、面试中、面试后。 通过面试的口语对话练习，让我了解到面试时的常用语。通过把学到的英语知识运用到实际中，锻炼了我们的口语能力。同时面试也是我们步入社会的之一步，对我们的将来起着极其重要的作用。第二章《reception and visit》学习的内容主要是如何向外宾致欢迎词，如何与外商进行对话，以及与外商讨论公司合作的有关事宜。 通过学习这一部分的知识，使客人更好地了解我们的公司，相信我们的公司，才能更好的进行交流合作。第三章《meeting and organization》学习的主要内容是组织会议的流程，包括会议的开始，回顾过去，陈述会议目标，重申会议重点，提醒大家注意时间，评论与反馈，结束会议等等。第四章《negotiation》主要讲的是谈判的一些技巧，比如如何开始谈判，如何理解和赞同对方或反对和不赞同对方，如何进行讨价还价，如何结束谈判等等。第五章《marketing and sales》市场销售是对外贸易也是商务活动中重要组成部分，其中包括市场调查、产品介绍、销售产品、售后服务等方面。只有进行良好的市场调查才能更好的销售商品。

确的介绍产品，并安排正确的销售手段、提供更好的售后服务。只有做好这些，才能销售好商品。第六章《advertising and public relations》主要讲了公司怎样去做一些广告宣传，比如如何确定广告的目标和战略，如何制定广告的预算，如何设计广告的信息及如何处理公关关系等等。第七章《business telephone》主要讲的是当你不能亲自前往时， *** 可以帮助你实现预定宾馆房间、进行商务预约、寻求商品信息、上午留言等方面的要求。，这样既可以节约时间，又可以不影响到商务活动。同时也学习了如何根据传真的信息进行 *** 通话，如何在与外国客户的交谈中获取更多的信息。第八章《business dinner》这一课主要学习的是餐桌上如何点餐以及正确的餐桌礼仪。 良好的餐桌礼仪能够给我们的顾客留下良好的印象，获得更多的青睐。给我们带来无限的商机。第九章《business presentation》在进行产品介绍前要通过三步选好自己的主题。一是确定为什么要选择这件商品，既要容易表达也要有足够的特点。二是要明确听众是什么类型。如果是同行，就要提供更多的信息。如果只是顾客，就要提出吸引他们的地方。三是明确听众知道些什么关于产品的知识，想知道些什么。通过这些过程，一定可以做出吸引人眼球的产品介绍会。

经过为时两个周的商务英语口语实训，通过主题介绍、情景对话、单词注解、常用句型、阅读材料、听力材料等手段进行训练，让我进一步的掌握了口语表达的有效技巧，提高了商务英语口语实际交际能力。培养了我用英语朗读各种题材

书面材料的能力，培养了我在没有文字凭借的情况下用英语表达自己的观点的能力，清楚而用逻辑的论证自己的观点的能力，培养在特定的商务情境下不借助文字辅助资料进行连贯而得体的交谈的能力。使我能够在应聘、接待(访问)、销售、商务 *** 、商务会餐、产品介绍会等方面熟练地运用学过的知识，提高了商务英语口语实际交际能力。同时语感的培养也极大的提高了我的英语笔试水品，有利于英语成绩的提高。

职称英语综合类阅读备考试题库

The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen

1 Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech：It’s a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you don’t have to lug a hand-held device along with you for it to work.1

2 Logitech’s technology works like this：The pen writes normally, using normal ballpoint pen ink2. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing3, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots printed on the paper. All this information—the movement of your pen on the paper, basically — is then stored digitally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pen’s memory. As far as you are concerned4, you are just using a normal pen.

3 It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked certain boxes on the special notepad, it can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a “to do” task, or a diagram to be ed into a word-processing document. Once the documents are downloaded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formats.

4 The io Personal Digital Pen is a neat and simple solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text doodling. You don’t have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just whip out the pen and the special paper and you are off5.

5 It is a great product because it does not force you to work differently—walking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people who are curious why you are writing with a cigar.

6 The io Personal Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx6, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that customers can fill out forms by hand — instead of punching letters into cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything can be done with it — transferring it wirelessly to a central computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could tran *** it their prescriptions direct to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing paperwork.

词汇：

lug 吃力地携带 snapshot快照 patchwork 拼凑的东西，杂絵

doodle 信手写就的资料 cradle 座，支架 download 下载

tick 打上小记号 notepad 记事本 destined 预定的

laptop 笔记本电脑，膝上电脑 whip 猛地拔出 strap 用带扣住

cumbersome 麻烦的

pharmacy 药房

注释：

1.And you don’t have to lug a hand-held device along with you for it to work：to work是动词不定式，用作目的状语，修饰lugb for it是work的逻辑主语。it指代io Personal Digital Pen。

2.ballpoint pen ink：圆珠笔墨水

3.a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing：is also taking 100 snapshots和of what you are doing之间插入了per second。

4.As far as you are concerned：就你而言

5.…you are off：……你就能开始工作了

6.FedEx：联邦快递公司

练习：

1.Paragraph 2 _________.

2.Paragraph 3 _________.

3.Paragraph 5 _________.

4.Paragraph 6 _________.

A A Friendly and Convenient Device

B Ways to Download the Stored Information

C Examples of Other Potential Applications of the Io Pen

D Customers’ Passion for the Io Pen

E FedEx the First User of the Io Pen

F Working Principles of the Io Personal Digital Pen

5.There is no need to learn how to use the io Personal Digital Pen because _________.

6.If you want to download what you have done with the magic pen, _________.

7.The magic pen is particularly convenient when you work away from home or office because _________.

8.No matter what you write or draw, _________

A you don’t have to carry your laptop along

B the information will be shown digitally on the pen

C FedEx has special software to store your information

D it works like an ordinary pen

E you simply place the pen into its computer-connected cradle

F the movement of your pen is recorded digitally inside the pen

答案与题解：

1.F 第二段介绍神奇笔的工作原理。笔内装有一个摄像头，把写的字或画的图转换为数码，存储在笔内的记忆装置里。

2.B 第三段介绍把神奇笔存储的信息下载到电脑中的过程，其中很重要的一个设备是将笔与电脑相连接的cradle(笔座)。

3.A 第五段介绍神奇笔的优越性，使用的方式和使用普通笔一样，不用携带显示屏，不用带附件。所以，这段的内容可以概括为A friendly and convenient device。

4.C 最后一段列举了有可能使用神奇笔的其他地方。

5.D 文章中多处都提到the io Personal Digital Pen用起来很方便，普通的笔怎么用，the io Personal Digital Pen也怎么用。因此，it works like an ordinary pen是答案。

6.E download和使用cradle的内容可在第三段之一句、第二句中找到。

7.A 题干中的convenient和when you work away from home or office提示我们要选A。第五段之一句说，外出时不用携带显示屏或附件。

8.F 第二段第三句是选F的依据。

译文：神奇的io私人数字笔

仔细看看由Logitech公司发明的io私人数字笔吧。这是一种神奇的笔。可以将你写的所有东西储存下来并转换到计算机上，而你在使用这种数字笔时却不必携带手持设备。

Logitech技术的工作原理如下：这种笔使用一种普通的圆珠笔墨水，和平常一样写字。但是当你写字时，笔内的一个极小的摄像头也在以每秒钟100张的速度对你所写的内容进行快速拍摄，通过印在纸上的'小点块拼出你所写的内容。然后，无论你是记笔记还是画复杂图表，所以的信息——基本上都是笔在纸上的移动——都将以数字形式存储于笔中。你可在笔的存储器中存储多达40页的资料。而对你来说，你只不过是在使用一支普通的笔而已。

只有当你将笔插入与PC机连接的笔座中时，有趣的事才真正开始。你的PC机的专用软件会估算出你所做之事，并下载你最新写下的所有文件。根据你是否在专用记事本的一些特定框里打对号，这种笔还可以辨别出文档是电子邮件、“待执行”人物还是要插入文字处理文档的图表。文档下载后，你就可以查看、打印或将其转换为其他形式。

io私人数字笔可妥善又简单地解决手写笔记的存储、共享和检索问题，也可处理图表、图片以及其他非文本资料。你不必携带电脑，你只需要拿出笔和专门用纸就能开始工作了。

这是一种很了不起的产品，因为你的工作不会因之产生任何麻烦——你不必携带显示屏，也不必携带任何附件。它非常轻便，如果你需要的话，也可以当普通笔来用，而这种专用记事本看起来摸起来都很像普通记事本。有些人会很好奇，不明白为什么你在用雪茄写字，这是唯一看起来令人费解的地方。

io私人数字笔在其他方面也很有潜力。例如，联邦快递公司正引进一种数字笔，从而用户可用手填写表格，而无需再费力劳神地打进机器中。如果数字为数字型，几乎所有事情都可由这种笔来完成——例如将数据通过无线方式或手机传输到中心计算机上。医生可将处方直接转到药房，减少了欺诈行为的发生。警察可将报告发回警察局，减少了文书工作。

中石油职称英语考试阅读理解精讲

Why To Mark a Book 怎样在书上做标记

1. You know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.

1、你知道读书必须要阅读“字里行间的言外之意”，以求最充分的理解(to get the most out of anything)。我劝(persuade)你在读书过程中(in the course of your reading)做一件同等重要的事情(to do something equally important);我劝你“在字里行间里写字”。不这样做(unless)，就达不到最有效的阅读效果。

2. I contend, quite bluntly, that marking up a book is not an act of mutilation but love.

2、坦率地说，我认为(contend)，在书上涂抹标记(marking up a book)不是一种损毁行为(an act of mutilation)，而是爱。

3. You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them. Most of the world's great books are available today, in reprint editions, for a modest sum.

3、当然，你不应该(shouldn't)在不属于你的书上做标记。借给你书的图书管理员(或者你的朋友)希望你保持书的整洁，你应该这样做。如果你认为我说的在书上做标记颇有益处这番话是对的，你就得自己买书。现在，绝大部分世界上的好书都有再版(reprint edition)，我们很容易买到，并且价格合理(a modest sum)。

4. There are two ways in which you can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes, and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.

4、一个人拥有书的方式有两种，之一种是花钱(by paying for it)取得(establish)财产所有权(property right)，就像(just as)你花钱买衣服和家具一样。但是，这种购买行为仅是拥有书的前提(prelude to possession)。只有你将它化为自己的一部分后，你才完全占有了它(full ownership comes);同时，把你自己融入书中的更好 *** 就是在书中写字(by writing in it)。打个比方可能使这个观点更清楚(An illustration may make the point clear)。你买了一块牛排(beefsteak)，把它从屠夫的冰箱里移到了你自己的冰箱里。但是，从最重要的意义上说(in the most important sense)，你并没有拥有这块牛排，除非你吃下它并将它吸收进你的血液(bloodstream)之中。我的观点是(I am arguing that)，书的营养也必须应该被“吸收到血液”中，才能对你有所裨益。

5. Confusion about what it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding, and type-a respect for the physical thing-the craft of the printer rather than the genius of the author. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without staking his claim by pasting his bookplate inside the cover. Having a fine library doesn't prove that its owner has a mind enriched by books; it proves nothing more than that he, his father, or his wife, was rich enough to buy them.

5、对于“拥有书籍”的真正含义的(about what it means to own a book)误解(confusion)使人们错误地崇敬(a false reverence)纸张、装订和样式-这是对物质的崇敬(a respect for the physical thing)-是崇敬印刷工人的技艺(craft)，而不是书籍作者的才华。他们忘记了，即使不在(without)封面里贴上藏书票(by pasting his bookplate inside the cover)表明自己对书籍的拥有，人们也可以从一本伟大的著作中获得它的精神(to acquire that idea)，领略它的美丽(to possess the beauty)。一个好书房并不能证明它的主人学富五车;仅仅(nothing more than)说明他、他的父亲或是他的妻子有钱买书而已。

6. There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers-unread, untouched. (This deluded individual owns woodpulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books-a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)

6、书籍拥有者可以分为三种。之一种人拥有全部的标准成套书和畅销书(best-sellers)--既没读过，也没碰过(unread, untouched)。(这种人占有的只是纸浆和油墨，不是书籍。)第二种人藏书很多--其中几本(a few of them)被通读过(read through 仔细阅读)，大部分(most of them)则浅尝辄止(dip into 浏览, 稍加审视)，但是所有的书都跟新买时一样整洁光亮(as clean and shiny as the day they were bought)。(这种人可能想使书籍真地为其所用，但因错误地过分关注书籍的外观而裹足不前。第三种人藏书或多或少--因不断使用，每本书都书角卷起(dog-eared)，破旧不堪(dilapidated)，装订破损，书页松散(loosened)，全书从扉页至末页都画满了记号，涂满了字句(scribble)。(这种人才是书的真正拥有者。)

7. Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact and unblemished a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt! I wouldn't mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of a painting or a statue.

7、你可能要问，将一本印刷精美、装帧雅致的书保存完好，难道也是不恰当的吗?当然不是(of course not)。我绝不会在一本初版的《失乐园》上乱涂乱写(scribble)，就像我不会把一幅伦勃朗的原作连同一盒蜡笔交给我的孩子任意涂抹一样!(no more…than 与…同样不) 我决不会在一幅绘画或者一座雕像上做标记。可以说，它们的灵魂与它们的躯体是不可分的。(be inseparable from 不可与...分开) 精美的善本或丰富的卷册就像一幅绘画和一座雕像。

8. But the soul of a book can be separated from its body. A book is more like the score of a piece of music than it is like a painting. No great musician confuses a symphony with the printed sheet of music. Arturo Toscanini revered Brahms, but Toscanini's score of the C-minor Symphony was so thoroughly marked up that no one but the maestro himself could read it. The reason why a great conductor makes notations on his musical scores-marks them up again and again each time he returns to study them-is the reason why you should mark your books. If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.

8、但是，一本书的灵魂能够从它的躯体里分离出来。与其说它像一幅画(a printing)，还不如说它更像一首乐曲的总谱(the scroe of a piece of music; scroe【音乐】总谱;(电影等的)配乐; a piece of music 一段音乐;一首音乐;一首乐曲)。任何伟大的音乐家都不会将一首交响曲(a symphony)和一张印刷的乐谱相混淆。托斯卡尼尼非常崇敬(revere)博拉姆斯，但他的C小调交响曲的乐谱上画满了标记，以致(that)只有大师本人 (no noe but the maestro himself) 才能看懂。为什么一个伟大的指挥家(a great conductor)会在乐谱上做记号(make notations)-甚至每次研究都会重复标记-其中的奥妙正是你应该在书上做记号的原因。如果你对华美的(magnificent)装帧和印刷的尊重妨碍(get in the way)你读书的话，就给自己买一种便宜的版本，同时对书的作者表达敬意就可以了。

9. Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. That marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed.

9、为什么在阅读过程中在书上做标记是必不可少的(indispensable)呢?首先，它会使你保持清醒。(我指的不是仅仅神智清醒(merely conscious);我的意思是它能使你全神贯注(wide awake)。)其次(in the second place)，如果阅读(reading)是一种能动的行为，那么它就是思考，而想法(thinking)常常需借助口头的或书面的语言来表达出来。做过记号的书，通常是读者认真思考过的书(the thought-through book)。最后，写可以帮助你记住阅读时的思想，或作者所表达的思想。

10. If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. You can't let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, Gone 14h'th the Wind, doesn't require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable. You don't absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the songs of a popular singer. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while you're asleep.

10、如果(你的)阅读的目的不仅仅是(more than)消磨时间(passing time)，那就应该是一种积极的思维活动，仅仅让你的眼睛在书上扫视一遍，你不可能对所读的'内容(what you have read)有所理解。当然，一部普通的消遣小说(light fiction)，比如说(like, say,)《飘》，并不需要那种最积极的思维式的阅读。作为消遣的书，可以轻松地读而不会有所失。但一本思想丰富、文字华美，试图提出(raise)带根本性的重大问题并加以回答的伟大著作，则要求你尽可能地进行(of which you are capable; be capable of v.能够)最积极的阅读。你不可能像欣赏(absorb)流行歌曲那样领略(absorb)杜威的思想。你要花力气才能获得，漫不经心是做不到的。

11. If, when you've finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know was President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also had the hardest schedule of business activities of any man I know. He invariably read with a pencil, and sometimes, when he picked up a book and pencil in the evening, he found himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he called "caviar factories" on the margins. When that happened, he put the book down. He knew he was too tired to read, and was just wasting time.

11、如果，你读完一本书的时候，书页上写满了你的批注(your notes)，你就知道自己的阅读是积极的(actively)。我知道的最有名的采用积极方式阅读伟大著作的人(the most famous active reader of great books)是芝加哥大学的校长哈金斯。他也是我所知道的公务最繁忙的人(the hardest schedule of business activities of any man)。他读书时总是(invariably= always)拿着铅笔。有时，当他在晚上拿起书和铅笔的时候，发觉自己并没有(instead of)在做有意义的笔记(intelligent notes)，而是在页边空白处(on the margins)乱涂乱画一些他称之为“鱼子酱工厂”(caviar factories)的东西。一出现这种情况，他就会放下书本。他知道自己太累了以致读不下去，(再继续看书)完全是在浪费时间。

练习:

1.I want to persuade you _______ something equally important in the course of your reading.

A doing B to do C to doing D have done

2. There are two ways _____ you can own a book.

A by which B of which C in which D with which

3. I am arguing that books must _____ your bloodstream to do you any good.

A absorb in B be absorbed in C soak in D suck in

4. Confusion about ____ it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding and type—the craft of printer rather than the genius of the author.

A which B that C what D whose

5. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without _____ his claim by ____ his bookplate inside the cover.

A starting, pasting B staking, passing C staking, pasting D stake, paste

6. Having a fine library doesn’t prove that its owner has a mind _____ by books.

A rich B colorful C enriching D enriched

7. The second has a great many books--a few of them read through, most of them ____, but all of them as clean and shiny as they ____.

A dipped into, bought B dip into, were bought

C dip into, buy D dipped into, were bought

8. A book is _____ like the score of a piece of music _____ it is like a painting.

A no more, than B more, than C same, as D too, to

9. Why is marking up a book ____ to reading?

A dependable B indispensable C dependent D disposal

10. A book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading _____ you are capable.

A to which B of which C by which D to what

答案： 1B 2C 3B 4C 5C 6D 7D 8B 9B 10B

中学英语教师评高级职称外语考什么

1、中学英语教师要评高级职称的话需要考过职称英语A级。

2、全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项外语考试，它根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和应用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别职称的专业技术人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。该考试根据专业技术人员使用英语的实际情况，把考试的重点放在了阅读理解上面。为加强专业技术人员外语学习，提高专业技术人员队伍的整体素质，增强专业技术人员在国际经济技术合作中的竞争能力，促进经济、社会发展和科技进步，1998年7月人事部发布了《关于专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试的通知》，决定自1999年开始，实行全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试。通知规定，凡专业技术职务试行条例中规定专业技术人员需具备一定外语水平的，在晋升专业技术职务时应参加相应级别的职称外语统一考试。

3、职称外语统一考试由人事部统筹规划、指导并确定合格标准。考试考务工作的组织与实施由人事部人事考试中心负责。考试每年举行一次，时间一般安排在3月最后一个星期，一般只在地级以上城市设立考点。专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类、卫生类。每个专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。每个级别的试卷内容，除综合类外，普通英语和专业英语题目各占50%。三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时[1]

江苏省调整职称英语政策问题的通知

江苏省关于调整职称英语政策有关问题通知规定：一、不再将外语水平与职称评审挂钩。二、取消职称计算机应用能力要求。三、鼓励专业技术人才加强外语和计算机知识更新。以下是具体的详情。

　 　省人力资源和社会保障厅关于调整我省职称外语和计算机应用能力政策有关问题的通知

　各设区市人力资源和社会保障局，昆山市、泰兴市、沭阳县人力资源和社会保障局，省各有关部门，各有关单位：

为贯彻落实中央《关于深化人才发展体制机制改革的意见》(中发﹝2016﹞9号)精神，改进和创新人才评价方式，科学、客观评价专业技术人才，树立鲜明的品德、能力和业绩导向，引导广大专业技术人员全身心投入创新创造创业活动，更好地服务于经济社会事业发展，结合我省职称制度改革实际，现就调整职称外语、计算机应用能力政策有关问题通知如下：

一、不再将外语水平与职称评审挂钩。专业技术人员申报评审我省各类专业技术资格，对职称外语水平原则上不作要求。对县及以下基层单位、年龄满50周岁的、已取得硕士及以上学历(学位)或外语专业大学专科及以上学历的专业技术人员，对外语水平要求不高的系列(专业)，一律不得将职称外语作为申报和评审的必备条件。确实需要评价外语水平的，不得作为申报必备条件，可作为评审时的.参考因素，按评审权限事先报经同级 *** 人力资源社会保障部门备案同意，并向社会公开。

二、取消职称计算机应用能力要求。专业技术人员申报评审我省各类专业技术资格，不论层级、不论单位性质，一律不得将计算机应用能力作为职称申报和评审的必备条件。

三、鼓励专业技术人才加强外语和计算机知识更新。积极引导广大专业技术人员通过多种方式和手段，不断提升外语水平和计算机应用能力。将职称外语、计算机应用能力考试成绩纳入专业技术人员继续教育内容，由专业技术人员自主自愿选择参加国家承认的各类考试，考试合格可登记当年的继续教育公需科目学时学分。

本通知自2017年1月1日起执行，此前有关规定与本通知不一致的，按照本通知执行。

江苏省人力资源和社会保障厅

2016年11月23日